Linux Commands Cheat Sheet

Linux is the software layer on top of the computer hardware and gives the command. Unlike traditional OS such as Windows or Mac, Linux is the securest and doesn’t depend on GUI. Hence userbase needs Linux Commands Cheat Sheet for early introduction.

‘Linux is fun to operate, but it is not easy to operate.’
Daniel j. Barrett

Linux users are much more creative than traditional GUI-based OS users as they have to constantly imagine what the function looks like. On a conventional system, you have GUI (graphical user interface) to click on, making life easy. But it can’t offer flexibility like Linux. For someone into a bit of coding or computer science, Linux is a great choice to learn. This article shared some of the most essential and underdog Linux commands, serving as Linux commands cheat sheets for your daily needs.

We will also be dividing sections, making it easier to browse the article when you’re looking for specific commands.

Linux distro is fascinating, among other things. As most people use GUI-based operating systems, the turnover can get tricky. However, regular practice can get you to speed at no time. Operating Linux with commands is no magic, but you’ll be surprised by the power in those fingers once you get to command tasks with simple controls.

The Linux Commands Cheat Sheet contains:

● Basic & Advanced Linux Commands Cheat Sheet

● Tips and Tricks

● Quick References

Basic & Advanced Linux Commands Cheat Sheet

List and View Files Quickly

ls	To list view files in the present directory
ls-R	To list view files in sub-directories
ls-a	List view hidden files in the folder
ls-al	View detailed file information such as size, location, permission in a list

Directory Handling

cd or cd ~	Return to Home directory
cd ..	To move up a level
cd	For easy direction to another directory or folder
cd /	This one is used to view the root directory

File Modification

cat > filename	For creating new a new file
cat filename	View contents of a file
mv filename	Rename the filename
sudo	To run programs with superuser, or root, or administrator
rm filename	Delete file

Hardware Information

dmesg	Enable message on boot
cat /proc/ cpuinfo	As the name suggests, the command is used to view CPU information
free -h	View memory information
lshw	View hardware configuration information in a list
lsblk	Lists blocked devices
spci	Available controller information’s alongside host bridge
lspci -tv	To show available PCI devices in a tree-like diagram
lsusb -tv	To view available USB devices in a tree-like diagram
dmidecode	BIOS information on hardware
hdparm -i /dev/[disk]	Show disk data
hdparm -tT /dev/[disk]	Perform disk checkup
badblocks -s /dev/[disk]	Review unreadable disk space

Search Query

grep [pattern] [X]	Find file pattern where ‘X’ is the file name
grep -r [pattern] [X]	Find a specific location where ‘X’ is the directory
locate [X]	Find all files in the directory where ‘X’ is the file name
find [/folder/location] -name [X]	Find a list of names starting with the letter ‘X’
find [/folder/location] -size [X]	Find specific files in folders with a size greater than ‘X’

File Compression

tar cf [X.tar] [X]	Create an archive where ‘X’ is the filename
tar xf [X.tar]	Extract or unzip a file where ‘X’ is the zip
tar czf [X.tar.gz]	To convert zip to tar where ‘X’ is the file
gzip [X]	For compressing a to .gz extension where ‘X’ is the filename

Process Handling

ps	Shows active process information
pstree	Show process in tree-view
pmap	Memory usage information in a process
kill [process_id]	To kill a specific process, similar to ending from Windows taskbar
bg	Listing and re-running process
lsof	Show files in the process
fg	With this command, we can rerun the most recently killed process, similar to ‘undo’
pkill [X]	Kill a process where ‘X’ is the name
killall [X]	Kill all process named ‘X’

Package Installation

yum search [keyword]	Find packages easily by keyword
yum info [X]	Show package info where ‘X’ is the package name
yum install [X. rpm]	Install the package named ‘X’
dnf install [X. rpm]	Installing a package with the help of DNF
rpm -i [X. rpm]	Installing a package from the local file (-I to include)
rpm -e [X. rpm]	Remove rpm package (‘-e’ to exclude)

File Permission

chmod 777 [X]	Giving file permission to all users where ‘X’ is the filename
chmod 766 [X]	Giving file permission to all groups of users where ‘X’ is the filename
x	Executing file permission
w	Adding new permission to write a file
r	Permission to read the file
chown [user] [X]	Transfer file ownership where ‘X’ is the filename
chown [user]: [group] [X]	Transfer group rule over a file where ‘X’ is the filename

SSH Login

ssh user@host	For connecting to host
sh host	Secure connection with a host
ssh -p [X] user@host	Connect to a specific port where ‘X’ is port number
telnet host	Connect to host via Telnet

Networking Commands

SSH hostname	Login to remote SSH connection
Ping hostname=””	To check network statuses such as ping and response
dir	Display files in the current directory remotely
cd “dirname”	Changing directory remotely
get X	Downloading a file, it can be a link too
put X	Upload file to a remote computer
quit	Logout

VI Editing

i	Insert the cursor
a	Start writing after the cursor
A	To start writing at the end of line
ESC	Terminate insert mode
u	Undo the last change
U	Undo the full line
o	For opening a new line
dd	Delete the line
5dd	Delete five lines, the number corresponds to the lines to delete

Module Management

username -a	To know about the Kernel version and architecture
lsmod	Find out the running modules
modinfo X	Get information about the ‘X’ module
modprobe –remove X	Remove specific module where ‘X’ is the module name
modprobe X	Load ‘X’ module into the kernel

Tips and Tricks

The Linux Commands Cheat Sheet is not only your gateway for cool commands but alongside tips and tricks for taking the skill further.

Configuring Linux with new hardware and kernel can become tricky as multiple devices need their configuration. We need to enable modules to load the kernel into a fixed memory size. The first step is to do modules and install them.

make modules	To create new modules
make moudles_install	To install the module.

Though most professionals use Linux as their primary OS, many use a virtual environment to live boot Linux images. Both have their advantages and drawbacks. One of the most reported finds is the wrong memory size. Suppose your computer has 16 GB of RAM, but it will only detect 8 Gb. To solve this, we need to set memory parameters.

LILO boot: linux mem=16GB

Parameterizing memory for boot

Quick References

Here are a few related articles according to search queries

EndNote

There are tons of Linux Commands cheat sheets, Linux commands guides, online articles, and books; we previewed the most recent and easy-to-implement commands. The description given alongside is specific search options for easy controls.

Sometimes it’s hard to find Linux commands when you don’t know the name or proper reference. So we thought of the concept beforehand and presented a beginner-friendly Linux Commands Cheat Sheet.